Python functions and returning values

Functions are very helpful in any programming language: they help us to keep the code clean, replace the repeatable part of the code, etc. Some beginner programmers might be confused on how to return the value from the function, and pass it from one into another. Let's see how we can do that: Let's say we want to print "Hello world":
def sayHi () {
  hello = "Hello World"
  print(hello)
  pass
}
sayHi()
#Prints Hello World Variable hello available inside one of the scope of function sayHi(). If we would like to print this variable after calling the function, it will fail, because the variable was not declared. In order to access the variable out of the scope function sayHi, we can do the following:
def sayHi () {
  hello = "Hello World"
  print(hello)
  return hello
}
newHello = sayHi()
  print(newHello)
#Prints Hello World twice ( from the function and outside the function sayHi()
Notice that we used a return statement to return the value: after calling the function the returned value was assigned to global variable newHello and using the global is not cool. But why? First, they are located in the memory till the end of execution, in languages like C++ this matters a lot. Second, basically any function can modify them, which can create a bad code and that is hard to maintain. Finally, global variables create a vulnerability to your code, so please note that hackers might take advantage of it. Instead, we can try:
def sayHi () {
  hello = "Hello World"
  print(hello)
  pass
}
sayHi()
#Prints Hello World
Variable hello available inside of the scope function sayHi(). If we would like to print this variable after calling the function, it will fail, because the variable was not declared. In order to access the variable out of the scope function sayHi, we can do the following:
sayHi () {
  hello = "Hello World"
  return hello
}
def sayHiAgain () {
  oldHello = sayHi()
  print(sayHiAgain)
  pass
}
sayHiAgain()
#Prints the Hello World
Please notice that we need to access the variables the same way we return them; oif we have more than 2 variables returned, access them in the same order: return name, lastName name, lastName = myFunction() That's it for today, thanks for reading!